ASTM C1345-2008 通过感应耦合等离子体度谱数对土壤中总的和同位素铀及总钍分析的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforAnalysisofTotalandIsotopicUraniumandTotalThoriuminSoilsbyInductivelyCoupledPlasma-MassSpectrometry
【原文标准名称】:通过感应耦合等离子体度谱数对土壤中总的和同位素铀及总钍分析的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMC1345-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.05
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:inductivelycoupledplasma-massspectrometry(ICP-MS);isotopicratio;soil;thorium;uranium;ICP-MS(inductively-coupledplasma-massspectrometry);Isotopicanalysis;Soil(radioactiveanalysis);Thorium;Uraniumcontent
【摘要】:Thistestmethodmeasuresthepresenceofuraniumandthoriuminsoilthatoccursnaturallyandasaresultofcontaminationfromnuclearoperationsanduraniumoreprocessing.Thereportingdetectionlevels(RDLs)oftotaluraniumandthoriumarewellbelowthenormalbackgroundinsoil.Thenormalbackgroundlevelforuraniumisbetween3and5x03BC;g/ginmostgeographicareasandslightlyhigherforthorium.The235Uenrichmentisalsomeasuredfromaninitialsamplepassthroughtheinstrument.Theotherlessabundanturaniumisotopes(234Uand236U)aremeasureddowntoatypicalsoilbackgroundlevelaftersampleconcentrationandasecondsampleanalysis.Thisallowsforcalculationofindividualisotopicuraniumandtotaluraniumactivity.Themajorityoftheuraniumactivityresultsfrom234Uand238U.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementoftotaluranium(U)andthorium(Th)concentrationsinsoils,aswellasthedeterminationoftheisotopicweightpercentagesof234U,235U,236U,and238U,therebyallowingforthecalculationofindividualisotopicuraniumactivityortotaluraniumactivity.Thisinductivelycoupledplasma-massspectroscopy(ICP-MS)methodisintendedasanalternativeanalysistomethodssuchasalphaspectroscopyorthermalionizationmassspectroscopy(TIMS).Also,whilethistestmethodcoversonlythoseisotopeslistedabove,theinstrumentaltechniquemaybeexpandedtocoverotherlong-livedradioisotopessincethepreparationtechniqueincludesthepreconcentrationoftheactinideseriesofelements.TheresultantsamplevolumecanbefurtherreducedforintroductionintotheICP-MSviaanelectrothermalvaporization(ETV)unitorothersampleintroductiondevice,eventhoughthestandardperistalticpumpintroductionisappliedforthistestmethod.Thesamplepreparationremovesorganicsandsilicafromthesoilbyuseofahightemperaturefurnaceandhydrofluoricaciddigestion.Thus,thistestmethodcanallowforsamplevariabilityofbothorganicandsilicacontent.ThistestmethodisalsodescribedinASTMSTP1291.SincethistestmethodusingquadrupoleICP-MSwasapproved,advanceshavebeenmadeinICP-MStechnologyintermsofimprovedsensitivityandlowerinstrumentbackgroundaswellastheuseofcollisionorreactioncells(orboth)andsectorfieldmassspectrometerswithsingleandmultipledetectors.Theseadvancesshouldallowthistestmethodtobeperformedmoreeffectivelybutitistheuserx2019;sresponsibilitytoverifyperformance.1.2Theanalysisisperformedafteraninitialdryingandgrindingsamplepreparationprocess,andtheresultsarereportedonadryweightbasis.Thesamplepreparationtechniqueusedincorporatesintothesampleanyrocksandorganicmaterialpresentinthesoil.Themethodofsamplepreparationapplieddiffersfromothertechniques,suchasthosefoundinPracticeC999,whichinvolvesimplytumblingandsievingthesample;however,theusermayselectwhichevertechniqueismostappropriatetotheirneeds.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:Z18
【国际标准分类号】:13_080_10
【页数】:12P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语